Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the colon (large intestine) or rectum. It typically begins as a polyp (a small growth on the inner lining), which can become cancerous over time if not removed.
Starts in mucus-producing glands in the colon/rectum.
Begin in hormone-producing cells.
Rare tumors starting in connective tissue.
Cancers of immune system cells that may start in the colon.
Begin in blood vessels, muscle, or connective tissue.
Symptoms often appear in later stages and may include:
If symptoms persist for more than 2–3 weeks, consult a doctor.
While the exact cause is not always known, it is generally linked to:
While not all cases are preventable, risk can be reduced by:
Treatment depends on the stage, location, and overall health of the patient:
To remove tumors or affected parts of the colon/rectum.
To destroy cancer cells, often after surgery.
Mainly used for rectal cancer.
Drugs that block specific cancer growth signals.
Boosts the body’s immune system to fight cancer (for advanced cases).
Chemotherapy can be delivered through:
Less scarring, faster recovery.
Chemo/radiation before surgery to shrink tumor.
Chemo/radiation after surgery to reduce recurrence.
